Concerto in C minor
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Concertos for Keyboard and Orchestra
Concerto in C minor
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The Piano concerto in C minor, KV 491 is one of only two concertos by Mozart in a minor key and only one of three piano concertos with clarinets. The original manuscript shows that Mozart thoroughly revised the piano part in all three movements after completing the composition; however, he did not revise the orchestral part everywhere during the revision.
The slow movement is a Romance in which the winds play an important role, the final movement is—as in the Piano concerto in G, KV 453—a variation movement.
Did you know that Mozart probably wrote the Piano concerto in C minor, KV 491 for one of his pupils and not for himself? Although the background to its composition and first performance is unknown, there are four caricatures of a man’s head in the autograph towards the end of the first movement. Such drawings in Mozart’s hand are otherwise only known from the teaching materials of his student Barbara Ployer.
Between 1773 and 1791, Mozart composed 21 concertos for keyboard and orchestra, two concertos for more than one piano and orchestra (see also work group 14b), and two individual rondo movements. In addition, a considerable number of fragments survive, representing short drafts of concerto movements that Mozart abandoned. The Salzburg concertos were not written specifically for the pianoforte, but the intended keyboard instrument is not indicated since Mozart used the rather nonspecific term “Cembalo” for the solo instrument until 1788, and several types of instruments were available. In Vienna, Mozart became acquainted with the new, technically advanced pianofortes by Gabriel Anton Walter. In performances of the four concertos KV 413–415 and KV 449, the woodwinds are not obligatory. All further concertos employ woodwinds in manifold constellations. Shortly after 1800, all of Mozart’s keyboard concertos (except the Concerto in C, KV 246) were available in printed editions, reflecting their extraordinary popularity. Several concertos were expressly composed for Mozart’s students, particularly Barbara Ployer (KV 449, KV 453, and probably KV 488), or for female virtuosos like Louise-Victoire Jenamy (KV 271) or Maria Theresia Paradis (KV 456). While he usually improvised his own cadenzas and lead-ins, Mozart provided a large number of written cadenzas for his sister and his students (see Anhang G).
Autograph, 1786
Partitur: 37 Bl. (73 beschr. S.)
Abschrift, 1760-1800
[Kopftitel?: ] Concerto per il Cembalo o Forte Piano. 2 Violini. Viole/ e Baßi 1 Flauto 2 Oboe 2 Clarinetti in B 2 Corni in E/ 2 Fagotti 2 Clarini in C Tympani in C./ Del Sig: Amad: Wolfgang Mozart.
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Abschrift, 1831
Partitura/ Concerto, in C moll pour le Piano–Forte./ No 17. par W. A. Mozart/ Otto Hatwig.
Partitur: 56 Bl.
Abschrift, 1840-1850
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Erstdruck, 1800
N=o [handschriftliche Ziffer:] 3/ des six grands concertos/ pour le Piano-Forte/ composés par/ W. A. MOZART,/ et respectueusement dédiés/ à S. A. R./ le Prince Louis Ferdinand de Prusse/ par l'editeur./ Oeuvre 82./ [links:] N=o 1415-20 [rechts:] Prix f. 3/ Edition faite d'après le manuscrit original de l'auteur./ A Offenbach s/m, chez J. André.
Stimmen
Erstdruck, 1800
[handschriftliche Zeile:] N=o 3./ des six grands concertos/ pour le Piano_Forté/ composés par/ W. A. MOZART,/ & respectueusement dédiés/ à S. A. R. le Prince/ Louis Ferdinand/ de Prusse/ par l'editeur./ Oeuvre 82./ [links:] N=o 1415-20. [rechts:] Prix. 3]/ Edition faite d'après la partition en manuscrit./ A Offenbach s/m, chés J. André.
Stimmen: 63 S.
Frühdruck, 1802
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Frühdruck, 1802
Concert pour le pianoforte,/ avec Accompagnement/ de 2 Violons, Flûte, 2 Hautbois, 2 Clarinettes, 2 Bassons, 2 Cors, 2 Trompettes. Timballe, Alto et Basse./ par/ W. A. Mozart/ No. 7
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Frühdruck, 1855
W. A. MOZART'S/ Klavier-Concerte/ in Partitur./ Herausgegeben von einem Verein von Tonkünstlern/ und Musik-Gelehrten in Frankfurt a/M./ mit Bearbeitung/ der Orchesterbegleitung für das/ Klavier/ von/ J. B. André.
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