

Miserere in A minor
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Mozart composed the Miserere in A minor, KV 85 in 1770 when he was studying in Bologna with Padre Giovanni Battista Martini, who was then regarded as the leading authority in counterpoint. The piece, scored for three voices and figured bass, is written in a retrospective style. Mozart set only every second verse of the penitential psalm (Psalm 50 of the Latin Vulgate) into music; the remaining verses were meant to be sung in Gregorian chant. The piece has only survived in a fair copy in Leopold Mozart’s hand. This copy breaks off after verse 16, making it impossible to determine whether Mozart ever finished the piece. Johann Anton André, who had acquired the manuscript from Constanze Mozart in 1799, tried to complete it in 1840.
Vespers services were held at Salzburg Cathedral daily at 3 p.m. However, members of the court and the court musicians participated only in the vespers services during the highest festivals of the church year (“Festa pallii” and “Festa praepositi”). Psalm 109 (in the Latin Vulgate) and the Magnificat are constant parts of the vesper compositions, while the selection of four intermediate psalms varied depending on the feast day. At the vespers services before Pallium feasts, all respective psalms and the Magnificat were performed with orchestral accompaniment when the service was held by the Prince-Archbishop himself. Otherwise, only Dixit and Magnificat were played with orchestral accompaniment.
Litanies are prayers with petitions from the congregation or choir. In addition to the usual performances at vespers services on Saturdays and before Marian feasts, Litanies of the Blessed Virgin Mary (also known as Litanies of Loreto) have been celebrated in Salzburg since 1765 on the feast day of St. Nepomuk (May 16) and on the following days in the chapel of Mirabell Palace and in the Franciscan Church. Litanies of the Most Precious Blood of Jesus were sung in Salzburg Cathedral during the 40-hour prayer that was held from Palm Sunday to the Tuesday before Easter.
The Miserere (Psalm 50 in the Latin Vulgate) is one of the seven penitential psalms.
Autograph, 1770
Autograph, 1770
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Abschrift, 1770
[Leopold Mozart:]// Miserere// à 3. Del Sgr: Cavaliere Wolfgango Amadeo Mozart/ in Bologna 1770
Partitur: 4 Bl.
Abschrift, 1853-1859
[Kopftitel?: ] Miserere. a 3. Del Sgr. Cavaliere Wolfg. Amadeo Mozart. in Bologna 1770
Partitur: 6 S.
Abschrift
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Abschrift
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Miserere/ à. 3./ Del Sigr. Cavaliere Wolfgango Amadeo Mozart/ in Bologna/ 1770.
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